叶绿素仪（SPAD）在茶树氮素营养诊断中的适用性研究
杨亦扬1,2，马立锋2，石元值2，阮建云2*，黎星辉1*
（1. 南京农业大学茶叶研究所，江苏 南京 210095；2. 农业部茶叶化学工程重点实验室，中国农业科学院茶叶研究所，浙江 杭州，310008）
摘要：测定叶片氮素含量是诊断茶树氮素状况的一项重要方法。本文利用盆栽试验，通过不同的供氮水平，研
究了利用叶绿素仪（SPAD-502）进行茶树氮素营养快速诊断的适用性。结果表明，茶树新梢产量与氮素用量、
成熟叶氮素含量之间呈线性加平台的反应关系，成熟叶的SPAD 值与其全氮含量呈显著线性正相关，并与茶树
产量存在着比较明显的关系拐点，初步显示SPAD 可以较好地表征茶树的氮素营养状况，有可能作为快速诊断
方法用于指导茶树施肥，但是还需要通过大田试验进行进一步验证。本文还探讨了测定位点、叶位、天气状况、
田间原位或离体测定方式、表面清洗以及样本量等因素对SPAD 测试精度的影响。
关键词：茶树；叶绿素仪；氮素营养；影响因素
中图分类号：S571.1；S143.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-369X（2008）04-301-08
Evaluation of Nitrogen Status in Tea Plants by SPAD
YANG Yi-yang1,2, MA Li-feng2, SHI Yuan-zhi2, RUAN Jian-yun2*, LI Xing-hui1*
（1. Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Tea Chemical Engineering, the
Ministry of Agriculture and Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China）
Abstract: Determination of nitrogen concentrations in tissues is an important diagnostic means for N status of plants.
A pot experiment with tea plants applied with different amounts of N fertilizer was carried out to evaluate the
usefulness of SPAD-502 as a diagnostic tool. The results showed that the yield of young shoots and N concentration
of mature leaves responded to N application rates with a pattern of an initial linear increase before a platform was
reached. There was a significantly positive linear relationship between the SPAD reading and total N concentration
of mature leaves. The similar pattern of an initial linear increase followed by a platform was observed for the
relationship between SPAD reading and the yield. These results suggested that the N status of tea plants may be
characterized by the measurement of SPAD reading of mature leaves and the SPAD is a potentially useful rapid
diagnostic tool in N fertilization recommendation. However, this needs further validation from field experiments.
Those factors which may influence the precision of SPAD measurement, such as the point of test on a leaf, selection
of leaves from twig (position), weather condition, in situ or in vitro analysis, surface cleaning and the number of
leaves for a composite sample were also investigated.
Keywords: Camellia sinensis L., chlorophyll meter, nitrogen nutrition, affecting factors, SPAD